Harappan Seal Composition:

• Material: The Harappan seals are primarily made of steatite, which is a type of soft stone commonly known as soapstone.


• Appearance: Steatite is a grayish-white material that was easily carved by the Harappan artisans to create intricate designs and symbols on the seals.


• Usage: These seals were used for various purposes, including trade, identification, and administrative activities in the ancient Indus Valley civilization.


• Symbolism: The images and inscriptions on the Harappan seals provide valuable insights into the culture, religion, and social organization of the Harappan people.

Persian wheels were not in vogue for irrigation at Harappan sites.

What animal did the Harappans eat?

• A: Frog


• B: Horse


• C: Donkey


• D: Fish

Answer: D. Fish

• The Harappans, who were inhabitants of the Indus Valley Civilization, consumed a variety of foods including fish.


• Fish was a significant part of their diet as they had access to rivers like the Indus and its tributaries where they could catch fish.


• Archaeological evidence such as fish bones found at Harappan sites confirms their consumption of fish.


• Additionally, depictions of fish on Harappan seals and pottery further support the idea that fish was a common food source for the Harappans.


• Consuming fish provided them with essential nutrients and proteins, contributing to their overall health and well-being.

Correct option is C. Rice
Grains are found at Harappan sites include wheat, barley, lentil, chickpea and sesame. Millets are found from sites in Gujarat. Finds of rice are relatively rare.

• Harappan Sites: Harappan sites refer to the archaeological sites of the Harappan civilization, which was one of the world's earliest urban civilizations.


• Animal Bones: The discovery of animal bones at these sites provides valuable information about the animals that were present in that region during the Harappan period.


• Domesticated Animals: The presence of animal bones at Harappan sites indicates that these animals were domesticated.


• Domestication: Domestication refers to the process by which animals are tamed and bred by humans for various purposes such as food, labor, or companionship.


• Significance: The domestication of animals was a crucial development in human history as it allowed for the establishment of settled societies and the development of agriculture.


• Cultural Practices: The presence of domesticated animals at Harappan sites also suggests that the Harappan people had advanced agricultural practices and a well-developed economy.

The Correct Answer is B: Walled
Explanation:
In medieval architecture, a citadel is a fortress used for protecting a town. It is usually separated from the rest of the town by a wall. This wall not only serves as a physical barrier, but it also symbolizes the distinction between the citadel, which is often reserved for the elite or military, and the lower town inhabited by common people. This separation by walls allows for better defense and control over access to the citadel.

In many cultures, the courtyard served as a central gathering place for various activities, including cooking and weaving. Here's why the courtyard was the suitable choice:

• The courtyard provided an open space for cooking activities such as preparing meals over an open fire or setting up cooking equipment.


• During hot and dry weather, the courtyard's open design allowed for ventilation and airflow, making it a comfortable place to work.


• Weaving activities could also take place in the courtyard, with ample space for looms and materials.


• The central location of the courtyard made it convenient for people to gather and work together on these essential tasks.

Overall, the courtyard's design and location made it the ideal center for cooking and weaving activities, especially during hot and dry weather.

Explanation:

• Wells: Wells are often found in rooms that can be reached from the outside and used by passers-by. Wells are structures built to access groundwater for various purposes such as drinking water, irrigation, and industrial use.


• Accessibility: Wells are typically accessible from the outside through a well cover or opening, allowing people to draw water from the underground source.


• Community Use: Wells were historically important sources of water for communities, providing a reliable and convenient way to access groundwater.


• Passers-by: Passers-by or individuals passing by the well could easily stop and use the well to obtain water, making it a common feature in public spaces.


• Functionality: Wells served as essential infrastructure for societies to access clean water before modern plumbing systems were developed.