Vas deferens transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts in anticipation of ejaculation. Thus, if vas deferens is blocked, the semen will be without sperm.

The cauda epididymis is attached to the scrotal sac by a connective tissue called gubernaculum. As the scrotum and labia majora form in males and females respectively, the gubernaculum aids in the descent of the gonads (both testes and ovaries).The testes descend to a greater degree than the ovaries and ultimately pass through the inguinal canal.

The layer covering the outer surface of uterus is perimetrium, which is the serous layer of uterus. It secretes serous fluid.

Changes in post-menstrual phase are governed by estrogens secreted by the ovary. Follicle cells of maturing Graafian follicle also govern the changes in the post-menstrual phase. These changes are:
1) Growth and maturation of Graafian follicle in the ovary
2) Regeneration of broken mucous membrane of uterine wall and repair of the damaged blood vessel
3) Repair of endometrium and its uterine glands

Due to an increase in the amount of DNA, nuclear sap and nucleus increase in size after thin vitelline membrane is formed around the oocyte.

Zona pellucida is the primary egg membrane in mammals. It is a glycoprotein layer surrounding the plasma membrane of mammalian oocytes. It is a vital constitutive part of the oocyte.

Pineal glands develop from ectoderm, which also gives rise to rectum.

Hairs are formed on the body and head of the fetus by the end of twenty weeks. At this time, the baby is covered with fine, feathery hair called lanugo and a waxy protective coating called vernix.

Bulbourethral gland, also called a Cowper's gland, is one of two small exocrine glands in the reproductive system of many male mammals. They are homologous to greater vestibular glands, i.e. Bartholin's glands in females.

In winters, cremaster muscles retract the scrotum towards the body. Dortos muscles work antagonistically to cremaster muscles.