The correct answer is Dioptre.

Key Points

• The SI unit of power of a lens is ‘Dioptre’.
• It is denoted by the letter D.
• If focal length (f) is expressed in meters, the power is expressed in Dioptres.
• 1 Dioptre is the power of a lens whose focal length is 1 metre (1D = 1m-1).
• The power of a
  • convex lens = positive
  • concave lens = negative

Important Points

• Power of a lens:
  • The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length.
  • It is represented by the letter P.
  • The power P of a lens of focal length f is given by: P = 1/f

Additional Information

The correct answer is Thoda

Key Points

• 'Thoda' sport is a form of martial art belonged to the state of Himachal Pradesh.
• A person need to have an expertise in archery to participate in this sport.
• Bows and arrows are the main weapons needed to play this sport.
• The objective of this sport is to create highly energetic atmosphere with continuous leg-kicking on one-hand and constant attempts to hit the target on the other.

Additional Information

•  Jhora
  • Jhora dance belongs to the state of Uttarakhand.
  • It originated in the Kumaon region.
  • This magical folk dance form binds people of all castes. Everyone enjoys the dance with a peaceful mind. 
  • Jhora dance is usually seen in the evening at weddings or fairs.
  • As the dancers perform, everyone watching fills up with energy.
  • Everyone jumps up to join the dance. It is generally performed in the spring season.
  • People from all around the country come to witness this magnificent folk dance form.
• Giddha
  • Gidda’ is a dance form of Punjab.
  • Gidha is a popular dance form in Punjab.
  • It is performed during the most joyous occasions held in Punjab.
  • It is performed only by the ladies.
  • Gidha was derived from the ancient dance called the ring dance.
  • The costume for this dance is very simple.
  • The jewelry, and the music used for the dance also plays a vital role in defining the uniqueness of the dance.
  • There are no instruments involved in the Gidha dance apart from a dhol.
  • It is not performed according to any cut-and-dried rule.
• Cholia
  • 'Chholiya' is the famous dance form of Kumaon, Uttarakhand.
  • It is generally performed at the Kumaoni weddings.
  • It is a sword dance which accompanies a marriage procession.

The correct answer is Only II.

Key Points

​Rangaswamy Cup

• Rangaswamy Cup is associated with Hockey. Hense, Statement 1 is incorrect.
• It was introduced in 1928.
• The Rangaswami Cup was originally known as Inter-Provincial Tournament.
• It was meant to pick up players for the national team for the Olympics.
• The first edition of the event was won by United Provinces.
• They had defeated Rajputana 3-1 in the final held at Calcutta.
• The legendary Dhyanchand was a part of the United Provinces.

Rovers Cup

• The Rovers Cup was an annual football tournament held in India.
• It was the second oldest tournament of India. Hense, Statement 2 is correct.
• The championship was started by some British football enthusiasts at Bombay, Maharashtra in 1891, as a form of amusement.
• Rovers Cup was organized by Western India Football Association (WIFA).

• Rovers Cup was Founded in 1890.
• Rovers Cup was Abolished 2001.
• The last champions of the Rovers Cup was Mohun Bagan AC.

The correct answer is Indian Iron and Steel Company (ISCO).

Key Points

• The subsidiary of SAIL that is located along the Kolkata-Asansol railway line is Indian Iron and Steel Company (ISCO).
• ISCO was established in 1918 and was taken over by SAIL in 2006.
• It is located in Burnpur, West Bengal and is spread over an area of 2,500 acres.
• ISCO produces a wide range of products including steel plates, rails, structural steel, and wire rods.

Additional Information

• ESL Steel Limited (ESL) is a subsidiary of ESSAR Steel and is located in Gujarat.
• Jindal Steel and Power Ltd (JSPL) is a private sector company with its headquarters in New Delhi.
• Tata Iron and Steel plant (TISCO) is a subsidiary of Tata Steel and is located in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand.

The correct answer is Vaishya.

Key Points

• Vaishyas were the merchant class in ancient India and were mainly involved in agriculture, trade, and commerce.
• They were considered the backbone of the economy as they were responsible for producing and distributing goods.
• They were employed in trade, agriculture, and pastoral work, as well as in productive labor.
• Their way of life required learning, selflessness, and almsgiving.

Additional Information

• Kshatriyas were the warrior class.
• They were responsible for protecting the kingdom and maintaining law and order.
• Brahmins were the priestly class.
• They were responsible for performing religious rituals and imparting knowledge.
• Shudras were the labor class.
• They were responsible for manual labor.

The correct answer is Penner.

Key Points

• Penner river does not flow in Kerala state.
• Penner river, also known as Penna, is a river that flows through the southern states of India, including Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
• It originates from the Nandi Hills in Karnataka and flows through the Pennar delta before merging with the Bay of Bengal.
• Kerala is a state in the southern part of India, known for its backwaters and rivers.

Additional Information

• Bharathapuzha, also known as Nila, is the second-longest river in Kerala and flows through Palakkad, Thrissur, and Malappuram districts.
  • Bharathapuzha is also known as the "River of Kerala" and is considered as the cultural symbol of the state.
• Periyar is another important river in Kerala that flows through the districts of Idukki and Ernakulam, and is the lifeline of the city of Kochi.
  • Periyar is also known as the "Lifeline of Kerala" and is the largest river in the state in terms of discharge.
• Pamba is known for its annual pilgrimage to the Sabarimala temple, where millions of devotees gather to offer prayers.
  • Pamba is a river that originates from the Western Ghats and flows through the districts of Pathanamthitta, Alappuzha, and Kottayam.

The correct answer is Zero Hour.

Key Points

• Zero Hour
  • It was introduced in the Parliament in 1962.
  • It is the time when Members of Parliament (MPs) can raise an Issue of Urgent Public Importance.
  • It immediately after the question hour and lasts until the agenda for the day is taken up.
  • In other words, the time gap between the question hour and the agenda is known as Zero hour.
  • It is not mentioned in the rules of procedure.

Additional Information

• Question Hour
  • The first hour of every parliamentary sitting is slotted for this. During this time, the members ask questions and the ministers usually give answers.
• The questions are of three kinds- starred, unstarred and short notice.
  • A starred question (distinguished by an asterisk) requires an oral answer and hence supplementary questions can follow.
  • An unstarred question, on the other hand, requires a written answer and hence, supplementary questions cannot follow.
  • A short notice question is one that is asked by giving a notice of fewer than ten days. It is answered orally.

The correct answer is Budha Ghagh Falls.

Key Points

Lodha Falls

• The Lodh Falls (also known as Budha Ghagh) is a waterfall in a mid-forest of Palamau Tiger Reserve, South division of Latehar district in Jharkhand state in India.
• It is the highest waterfall in Jharkhand and the 21st highest waterfall in India.
• It is located on the Burha River, deep in the forest of the Latehar district, the Chota Nagpur Plateau.
• The Lodh Falls is a tiered waterfall with multiple distinct drops in a relatively close succession. It is 143 metres (469 ft) high.
• The thundering sound of the fall is audible even 10 km away.

Additional Information

Dassam waterfall

• The Dassam Falls (also known as Dassam Ghagh) is a waterfall located near Taimara village in Bundu police station of Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Kanti waterfall

• Kanti waterfalls is situated in Latehar  Jharkhand. This waterfall is very famous in Latehar. Waterfalls is located around 23 km east of Althea in the Amjharia Plateau. 

Hundru waterfall

• The Hundru Falls is a waterfall located in Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is the 34th-highest waterfall in India. It is one of the most famous tourist places in the region.

The correct answer is Karnam Malleswari

Key Points

• Karnam Malleswari is a former woman weightlifter from India.
• She was born on June 1, 1975, and belongs to Andhra Pradesh.
• Her first achievement was at Weightlifting Nationals (senior) held at Ambala in 1991, where she won a silver medal.
• At Sydney Olympics, in 2000 she won a bronze medal in weightlifting in the 69kg category.
• She clinched a gold at the 1994 Asian Games held in Hiroshima.
• She also fetched gold medals at the 1994 and 1995 World Championships.
• She has been honoured with Arjuna Award (1994), Rajiv Khel Ratna Award  (1999) and Padma Shri (1999).
• She is also known as the 'Iron Lady of Andhra Pradesh'.

Additional Information 

Mary Kom:

• Mary Kom is an Indian boxer belonging to the state of Manipur.
• She has won the World Championship and Asian Championships six and five times respectively.
• She won bronze at London Olympics (2012), gold at the 2014 Asian Games and the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
• She is currently a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha.
• She has been awarded the Padma Award, Arjuna Award and Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award.

Saina Nehwal

• Saina Nehwal is an Indian professional badminton player. 
• She is the only female player from India who attained the World No. 1 ranking in badminton.
• She participated in the 2008, 2012, and 2016 Olympics games.
• Honoured with Arjuna Award in 2009.
• Honoured with Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna in 2010.
• Autobiography: Playing to Win: My Life On and Off Court.

P T Usha

• At the 1984 Summer Olympics which was held in Los Angeles, U.S., P.T. Usha lost the bronze medal at the 400-metre hurdle race by only 0.01 seconds.
• Pilavullakandi Thekkeparambil Usha is one of the best Indian female athletes and she has won about 102 international and national medals throughout her career.
• Her achievements include 13 Gold medals in the Asian Championships.

The correct answer is Megasthenes.

Key Points

• The author of 'Indica' was Megasthenes.
• He was a Greek ambassador sent to the court of Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Mauryan Empire, by Seleucus I Nicator.
• Seleucus I Nicator was one of the generals of Alexander the Great who, after Alexander's death, took control of the eastern part of his empire, which included territories in Asia Minor, Persia, and parts of India.
• His work 'Indica' is a significant source of information about India, providing valuable details about its geography, society, and culture during the Mauryan period.

Additional Information

Megasthenes wrote an account of his observations about India in his book named "Indica"..

• Geographical Details: Megasthenes provided an account of India's geography, including its mountains, rivers, flora and fauna, and climatic conditions.
• Description of Society: "Indica" included distinct details about social divisions, including the caste system and occupations of various groups.
• Urban Centers: Megasthenes described the city of Pataliputra (modern Patna), capital of the Maurya empire, in detail. This gave us information about city life, architecture, and administration.
• Administration and Military: The book portrayed the organized administrative structures and gave an account of the Mauryan army, with descriptions of elephants in warfare.
• Customs and Practices: "Indica" included information about contemporary customs, diets, festivals, and religious practices, and reported that India had no slavery.
• Megasthenes also provided an account of Chandragupta Maurya’s reign and wrote about the prosperity and peace within the empire.
• It is important to note that "Indica" had some inaccuracies or exaggerations possibly due to misunderstandings or cultural differences. For example, Megasthenes reported on creatures such as giant ants that dug up gold dust and humans with no mouths, which are widely considered to be based on misunderstandings or myths.

Important Points