ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

We know that speed of light in any medium is inversely proportional to the refractive index of that medium.

Then, v₁ = 3 x 10⁸ m/s and n₁ = 1 for air & n₂ = 3/4for the medium

Then,

V₂ = 4 x 10⁸ m/s. Hence, the correct option is B.

Carbon dioxide gas turns lime water milky. We exhale carbon dioxide, so when air is blown from the mouth, i.e., carbon dioxide, into a test tube that contains lime water, the lime water turns milky due to presence of carbon dioxide. This is due to the formation of calcium carbonate when carbon dioxide combines with calcium hydroxide (limewater). Lime water is a calcium hydroxide solution. On reacting with carbon dioxide, it forms insoluble calcium carbonate which remains in water as a suspension rendering a milky white colour to it. Hence, the correct option is A.

• Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with the formula Caocl₂. . It is the main active ingredient of commercial products called bleaching powder, chlorine powder, or chlorinated lime, used for water treatment and as a bleaching agent. Hence, the correct option is C.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

• Washing soda is sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃ . 10H₂O), a strong alkali.

• While baking soda is sodium bicarbonate: sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃), a mild alkali.

• Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)₂. It is a colorless crystal or white powder and is produced when quicklime (calcium oxide) is mixed or slaked with water.

Lysosomes are known as garbage disposal as they contain a hydrolytic enzyme that digests waste material, cell debris, foreign particles, and dead or weak organelles and excretes out from the cells. Hence, the correct option is C.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

Besides the nucleus, Mitochondria is another cell organelle that has its own self-replicating DNA. It is known as mitochondrial DNA and is thus called a semi-autonomous organelle. The Mitochondrial is an oval-shaped semi-autonomous organelle it contains circular DNA.