Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. 

During a two-day meeting later this week in a stately neo-baroque building in Tokyo, nine men may vote to end one of the oddest periods in the history of central banking – and send one of the clearness signals yet that Japan’s economy has finally emerged from 15 years of stagnation. Led by Governor Toshihiko Fukui, the monetary policy committee at the Bank of Japan (BOJ) will vote on whether to raise its overnight lending rate to 0.25% or leave it at zero, where it has been for more than five years.

That shift would not just demonstrate that the BOJ believes the world’s second-largest economy is now on sound footing- it would also have a profound effect on global markets and both corporate and private borrowers. The rate hike is by no means guaranteed- the BOJ could wait until its next meeting in August or beyond. But 32 out of 41 analysts and traders surveyed by Reuters last week said they expect an increase at this week’s meeting. Yasunari Ueno, chief market economist at Mizuho Securities, says, “I put the possibility for a hike this week at 80% to 90%.

If it doesn’t happen, there’s nonetheless a widespread belief that it will inevitably do so in the next few months- and that the first rise will likely be followed by more. This conviction is an indication of just how far the Japanese economy has come. Following the stock and property collapse of the early ‘90s, most businesses and consumers drastically cut their spending and investments. With demand falling, prices dropped too, exacerbating businesses’ unwillingness to invest in new ventures, and Japan found itself in a disastrous deflationary spiral. In desperation, the BOJ reduced interest rates to zero.

In 1999, it had little impact for years because, Japanese companies were hobbled by so many other problems, like bloated payrolls and debt-laden balance sheets. Under the reform agenda initiated by Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi in 2001, however, the Japanese industry began to modernize and streamline: Taking the helm of the BOJ in 2003 as Koizumi’s handpicked favorite.

Fukui led central-bank intervention into uncharted waters. His predecessor frequently claimed impotence, saying there was little a central bank could do to stoke an economy’s fires once it had lowered rates to zero. But Fukul stepped up and initiated a series of unorthodox “quantitative easing” programs designed to flood the market with easy money. For example, he more than doubled the target for current- account deposits held by financial Institutions and he ramped up the BOJ’s purchases of corporate and government bonds. With increased deposits, banks had more money to put on the Street; and the BOJ’s shopping spree also put more money in circulation.