• With direct magnetization, current is passed directly through the component.
• Current is passed through the component and a circular magnetic field is established in and around the component. When the magnetizing current is stopped, a residual magnetic field will remain within the component. The strength of the induced magnetic field is proportional to the amount of current passed through the component.

Zinc oxide topical (for the skin) is used to treat diaper rash, minor burns, severely chapped skin, or other minor skin irritations.

• Zinc oxide rectal suppositories are used to treat itching, burning, irritation, and other rectal discomfort caused by hemorrhoids or painful bowel movements.

Isobar has the same mass numbers but different atomic numbers-₁₈Ar⁴⁰,₁₉K⁴⁰,₂₀Ca^40.
Isotopes have the same number of neutrons, e.g.,₁H³, and₂He⁴as both have two neutrons. Isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass number. Their example, include isotopes of hydrogen i.e,₁H¹, Protium, (₁H²), or D (deuterium) and₁H³or T (tritium).

During the 8^th century AD, a fight for the control over the Kannauj took place among three major empires of India; they were the Palas, the Pratiharas and the Rastrakutas. The Palas controlled the eastern parts of India while the Pratiharas ruled western India (i.e. Avanti-Jalaor region). The Rastrakutas controlled over the Deccan region of India. The struggle for control over Kannuj among these three dynasties is known as the tripartite struggle in Indian history.

The tripartite struggle thus started, which lasted for two centuries and made all the three dynasties weak in the long run.

Before AD1818, East India Company was Act as a mere trader not as Sovereign ruler but after it they came with the ambition to control and rule the whole region of Indian State that was started with the ‘Subsidiary Alliance’ and now with the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’. These policies were adopted to control all the authority of the state and make it British dominion state. The main complication was started with those Indian state which has no heir, and according to the policy, the state has lost their ruling rights because of no heir.

Order in which the Indian States entered into Doctrine of Lapse:

1. The States of Satara (1848 AD)

2. Jaipur (1849 AD)

3. Sambalpur (1849 AD)

4. Bahat (1850 A.D)

5. Udaipur (1852 AD)

6. Jhansi (1853 AD)

7. Nagpur (1854 AD)

• The photoelectric effect is the observation that many metals emit electrons when light shines upon them.
• Electrons emitted in this manner can be called photoelectrons.
• This effect can be attributed to the transfer of energy from the light to an electron in the metal.
• From this perspective, an alteration in either the intensity or wavelength of light would induce changes in the rate of emission of electrons from the metal.

* The value of Young’s Modulus for a perfectly rigid body is Infinity.

* A perfectly rigid body won't yield any strain irrespective of amount of stress, that’s why it's Young's modulus is infinite.

* Young Modulus=Stress/STrain

• Mercury is the only metal that remains liquid at room temperature. And are found in deposits throughout the world mostly in cinnabar.
• Mercury is used in various instruments like thermometer, barometer, manometer etc.

The Tundra Climate is basically found at the north of the Arctic Circle. The climate is characterized by a very low mean annual temperature. Only four months have temperatures above freezing point. Note: it must be noted that it gets a long duration of sunshine in summer because the Sun doesn't set, but still the temperatures remain very low because the rays of Sun are reflected back by the white ground snow present there. One cannot find any tree in the tundra region. Mosses, birches and dwarf willows can be found. If human activities are to be concerned, it is largely confined to the coastal areas. People in the tundra region live a semi nomadic life. Eskimos who live in Igloos are a perfect example of it.