* India has been ranked second in Cushman & Wakefield’s 2021 Global Manufacturing Risk Index.

* India has replaced USA in this index.

* China has retained its top position in this index.

* The US ranks third, Canada fourth, Czech Republic fifth, Indonesia sixth, Lithuania seventh, Thailand eighth, Malaysia ninth and Poland tenth in this index.

* Cushman & Wakefield’s 2021 Global Manufacturing Risk Index assesses the most advantageous locations for global manufacturing among 47 countries in Europe, the Americas and Asia Pacific.

*  In Decomposition reactions types of reactions, a single reactant breaks down to give simpler products.

*  Decomposition reactions use up energy in the form of light, heat or electricity. Therefore, they are called endothermic reactions.

*  Decomposition of silver chloride or silver bromide when exposed to sunlight is used in black and white photography.

• A President is empowered with the power to pardon under Article 72 of the Indian Constitution.
• Article 72 says that the President shall have the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence.

*  The mass number of Tritium is 3. Tritium has one proton and two neutrons.

*  Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. Naturally occurring tritium is rare.

*  Tritium is used as a radioactive tracer, in radio luminescent light sources for watches and instruments. Tritium is also produced in nuclear reactors by neutron activation of lithium 6.

*  Tritium was first produced in 1934 from deuterium by Ernest Rutherford, Mark Oliphant, and Paul Hartack.

• V. S. Naipaul wrote the famous book 'A House for Mr. Biswas'.

• It was first published in London by Andre Deutsch in 1916.

• V. S. Naipaul was awarded the Nobel prize in literature in 2001.

• He was also awarded the booker prize, Jerusalem prize, and trinity cross.

• Vikram Seth is a novelist and poet. He has been awarded Padam Shri, Sahitya academy award, etc.

* The University of Oxford topped the Times World University Rankings 2022, followed by California Institute of Technology (USA) and Harvard University at the second and third positions, respectively.

* The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru ranked at 301-350 position. It is also the only Indian university in the top 350 rankings.

* The Times World University Rankings 2022 include over 1600 universities across 99 countries.

• Shri Darbar Sahib is also called Harmandir Sahib.

• It is popularly known as the Golden Temple.

• It is located in Amritsar, Punjab.

• It is the largest Gurudwara in India.

• Guru Arjan Dev Ji was the architect of this Gurudwara.

• Its work was completed in 1601 AD.

• In the nineteenth century, it was covered with gold on the orders of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

• The first gurdwara was built in Kartarpur, on the banks of Ravi River in the Punjab region (Pakistan).

• It was built by the first Sikh guru, Guru Nanak Dev, in the year 1521.

• The Arabian Sea is bounded on the north by Iran and Pakistan.

• Afghanistan is a land lock country.

• The Navi Mumbai port, New Mangalore port, Kandla Port, Mormugao Port, Kochi Port of India, Gwadhar port of Pakistan and Chahabar port of Iran are major ports of international importance present in coasts of Arabian sea.

• Socotra (Yemen), Masirah Island (Oman), Lakshadweep (India) and Astola Island (Pakistan) are among the largest islands present in Arabian Sea.

• National Conservation Energy Day is observed on 14th December.

• It is organised by Bureau of Energy Efficiency under Ministry of Power.

• The objective to celebrate the National Energy Conservation Day is to drive mass awareness about the importance of energy efficiency and conservation.

• National energy conservation day in India is celebrated to aware people about the importance of energy as well as saving or conserving the more energy by using less energy.

• The French East India Company was formed in 1664 AD during the reign of King Louis XIV to trade with India.

• In 1668 AD the French established their first factory at Surat and in 1669 AD established another French factory at Masaulipatam.

• In February, 1701, Pondicherry was made the capital of the French settlements in India.

• In 1673 AD the Mughal Subedar of Bengal allowed the French to set up a township at Chandernagore.