The correct answer is option C. Child development is the study of child growth physical as well as mental. Child development is about the different aspects that directly or indirectly affect the child’s development. It talks about how an individual learns from his surroundings and experience. It also talks about the different stages in human life. Development is a continuous process that starts from the period of infancy and continues till the death of an individual.

The correct answer is option C i.e.; Lawrence Kohlberg has developed moral development theory. Moral development includes attitude of a person, values of a person and the things an individual learns from the society, a child self-consciousness also affects moral behaviour. To develop the child morally parents and teacher are most important to influence their behaviour and their style of teaching and guiding.

Development is not linear always; growth is always linear. Development is a continuous process; it does not process at the same pace for all and all processes of development are inter-connected.

 The correct answer is option D, i.e., social stratification. It refers to the classification and differentiation of a society on the basis of color, caste or creed. Gender biasing and stereotyping exist irrespective of social stratification and at all caste and class. Gender socialization refers to norms and practices promoted by different groups of society which encourages gender biasing. The four major agents of gender socialization are as follows: family, education, peer group and mass media.

 The correct answer is option A, i.e., statement i and ii promotes gender biasing at school. Teachers must focus on the content and neatness of assignments for all students irrespective of their gender. Asking girls to make pretty assignments is stereotyping. Girls are expected to be quiet, disciplined and studious, while boys are expected to be mischievous, fun-loving, unruly, but still rational, smart and intelligent. This is also gender biasing. Everyone irrespective of gender must be taught discipline and should also be allowed to express themselves freely. Often girls are assumed to be good in arts and boys to be good at science. Teachers encouraging girls to pursue science and boys to pursue arts if their interest lies in those fields is actually breaking stereotypes.

The correct answer is option C, i.e., i, ii, iii and iv. The individuality of children differs on the basis of: language, culture, community, religion, gender, family, emption, physical difference, attitude, personality, aptitude, intelligence and acquisition of core skills. Diversity is very complex among children. It is affected by multiple factors. Every child is unique in his/her own manner. To embrace and facilitate this uniqueness is the job of the teacher.

Individual difference means that every child has an individual style of learning and thinking. Both Raj and Rahul have different learning styles which make their learning speed different from each other. Adaptation, thinking process and intelligence has nothing to do with the speed of learning a lesson.

The correct answer is option C. Motivation and heredity are two different aspects. Motivation is an external force, and it can be inherited. Motivation could be positive and negative. Motivation provokes the child to do something good or better in life if the motivation is in the negative direction, it can turn the child in the wrong direction and it has nothing to do with genes or heredity. Hereditary and genes affect the child's physical appearance, nature, and at times mental condition well.

The correct answer is option A, i.e. E.J. Ross. According to him, Environment is an external force that influences the child's life. The environment is an external factor to which a child interacts and learns from it by gaining experience. Environment plays a major role in the overall development of a child. Hereditary and Environment go hand to hand.

The correct answer is option D, i.e., i, ii and iii. Language is the human capability to understand and use complex system of communication to express and learn with re clarity. Language helps an individual make sense of complex situation, phenomenon, and abstract ideas. It depends on social convention and learning. The elements of language are Phonology, Semantics, Grammar and Pragmatics.