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CDS History Test 370
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CDS History Test 370
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  • Question 1/15
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    The Hathigumpha's inscription is the source of information about which among the following king?
    Solutions

    The Hathigumpha Inscription (i.e. ‘Elephant Cave’ inscription), from the Udayagiri caves, near Bhubaneswar, Odisha, was inscribed by Kharvela, the then Kalinga’s Emperor in India, during 2nd century BCE. The Hathigumpha Inscription comprises of seventeen lines in the Central-Western form of Prakrit incised in the deep-cut Brahmi script on the overhanging brow of the natural cavern known asHathigumpha in the southern regions of the Udayagiri hill, near Bhubaneswar in Odisha. It faces in a straight towards the Rock Edicts of Ashokasituated at Dhauli, situated at a distance of around 6 miles.

    The inscription is written in a kind which is considered as one among the most archaic forms of the Kalinga alphabet, even suggesting a date around 150 BCE.

    The inscription is dated back in 13th year of Kharvela's reign, which has been dated differently by the scholars from the 2nd century BCE to that of the 1st century CE.

  • Question 2/15
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    The Saptang theory of the state was firstly introduced by?
    Solutions

    * Chanakya had an unforgettable role in the establishment of Mauryan dynasty.

    * He was also known as vishnugupta and served as prime minister and advisor to Chandragupta.

    * He was the pioneer of political science and wrote his famous book “Artha sastra”. The book is often compared with the prince of Machiavelli, the great Italian thinker.

    * The saptang theory was first introduced in Artha sastra, which includes the seven major elements of the state.

    * The king, minister, territory, fort, treasury, army, and allies. These are an essential component of a strong and efficient kingdom.

    * His book also contains a detailed account of efficient administration, diplomatic ties with countries and need for strong neighbourhood policy for strategic importance.

  • Question 3/15
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    Who was the author of the book ‘Silappadikarma’??
    Solutions

    * The period roughly between the 3rd B.C. to 3rd A.D. in far South India in which development of Tamil literature took place is known as the Sangam Period.

    * The Sangam literature includes major work like Tolkappiyam, Silappathikaram and Manimegalai etc.

    * Tolkappiyam was authored by Tolkappiyar and is considered the earliest of Tamil literary work.

    * Pathinenkilkanakku contains works about ethics and morals.

    * Silappathikaram is written by Elango Adigal and Manimegalai was written by Sittalai Sattanar during the sangama era.

  • Question 4/15
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    Which of the following Ashokan pillars does not have a lion capital?
    Solutions

    Most of our information about Ashoka’s rule comes from his inscriptions, which are now classified as Major Rock Edicts, Minor Rock Edicts, Separate Rock Edicts, Major Pillar Edicts and Minor Pillar Edicts.

    Almost all Ashokan pillars are similar to each other in form and have a lustrous, polished surface. The on these pillars depicts lion, bull and elephant.

    Lion capital: Vaishali, Lauriya–Nandangarh, Rampurva pillars

    Four lion capital: Sanchi and Sarnath,

    Bull capital: Rampurva pillar and

    Elephant capital: Sankissa pillar.

  • Question 5/15
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    The Aurangzeb’s Deccan policy was divided into how many phases?
    Solutions

    Aurangzeb’s Deccan policy can be categorised into four phases.

    Phase-I (1658 to 68): It was led by Jai Singh. The Mughals failed to lay siege on Bijapur in the year 1665, and Jai Singh died in 1667.

    Phase-II (1668 to 84): It was unsuccessful because of the tripartite alliance between Golconda, Shivaji and Bijapur in which Akanna and Madanna played a crucial role.

    Phase-III: This phase saw the capture of Bijapur (in 1686) and Golconda (in 1687).

    Phase-IV: In this phase, Sambhaji, the son and successor of the Shivaji were captured and executed.

  • Question 6/15
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    The terms Carnatic and Hindustani are found for the first time in which of the following texts?
    Solutions

    • The recorded history of Indian music goes back to Vedic times. The Hindustani and the Carnatic are two prominent styles of classical music in modern India. These two terms were first mentioned in the 14th century text, Sangeeta Sudhakara of Haripala.

    • Natya Sastra of Bharata is the earliest Indian treatise on music.

  • Question 7/15
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    Which among the following statements is incorrect regarding the Slave Dynasty?
    Solutions

    Iltutmish (1211 to 1236)

    • He belonged to Ilbari tribe thus his dynasty is named’ Ilbari dynasty’. His half-brothers sold him to the Aibak who made him, his son-in-law and also appointed him as ‘Iqtadar of Gwalior’.

    • In the year 1211, Iltutmish defeated the Aram Bakhsh (who is Son of Aibak) and became sultan.

    He shifted capital from the Lahore to Delhi, and also completed Qutub Minar at Delhi and Built Ajmer Sharif mosque.

    • He introduced Arabic coinage silver taka (i.e. of 175 gm) coin in India which later on became the basis of the modern rupee.

    • He started a new bunch of the ruling elites of forty powerful military leaders called as ‘the forty nobles’ or Chahalgani.

    Razia Sultana (1236 to 1240)

    She appointed Abyssinian slave Yakuth as the master of royal horses.

    • She discarded female cloths and held court with the face unveiled.

    • Altunia, who was the Governor of Bhatinda, revolted against her and captured her as the prisoner but later married with her.

    • She proceeded to Delhi in order to regain her control but she got defeated and killed.

    Balban (1246 to 1287)

    • He Introduced the rigorous court discipline and started new customs like Prostration (Shijada and Paipos rule) and kissing sultan’s feet to verified his supremacy over nobles.

    He introduced Persian festival of the Navroj in order to impress the nobles.

    • He established a separate military department, i.e. ‘Diwan – i –Arz’ to maintain law and order.

  • Question 8/15
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    Match the following in column I (Bhakti Saint) with column II (their Profession):

    Solutions

    Kabir, Ravidas, Namdev, Sena were the saints of the Bhakti movement.

    Namdev - He was a tailor from the lower caste family. He was a great devotee of the Lord Vitthala of the Pandharpur. He belonged to the Varakari Sect.

    Kabir - He was a Weaver. He was brought up by the Muslim couple. His couplets and songs are known as the Doha, Sakhi/Shloka.

    Ravidas - He followed the path of the Nirguna Brahma. He was a cobbler and also founder of the Ramdasi Sampradaya. He was the disciple of the Saint Ramananda.

    Sena- He was a barber and related to the Varkari sect dedicated to the Lord Vithoba. He was the disciple of the Saint Ramananda.

  • Question 9/15
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    What among the following is the reasons for the introduction of Railways by the Britishers in India?
    Solutions

    The aim of the plan to introduce railways were to lower transport costs and to give the English merchants easier access to raw cotton from India.

    Also, the railway would simultaneously open the Indian market to British manufactured products like cotton textiles.

    Initially, neither the railway's promoter nor the East India Company envisioned much of a demand for passenger traffic.

    The railway construction started in the year 1853, with two ‘experimental’ lines beginning in Bombay and Calcutta, and accelerated quickly following the Indian Mutiny, the first Indian war of the independence, and the transfer of the Indian government from that of the East India Company to direct rule by the British Crown.

  • Question 10/15
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    The Ahmadiya movement was organized by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadiyan in which year?
    Solutions

    The Ahmadiya movement was organized by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadiyan in the year 1889. He began his work as a defender of Islam against the polemics of the Arya Samaj and the Christian missionaries.

    In the year 1889 he claimed to be masih (i.e. messiah) and mahdi, and later even to be an incarnation of the Hindu god Krishna and Jesus returned to the earth. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad though called himself a minor prophet, regarded the Muhammad as the right and great Prophet whom he followed.

    The Ahmadiya movement based itself, like that of the BrahmoSamaj, on the principles of a universal religion of all the humanity. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was greatly influenced by the western liberalism, Theosophy, and the religious-reform movements of the Hindus.

    The Ahmadiyas opposed jihad or holy war against the non-Muslims and stressed fraternal relations among all the people. The movement spread Western liberal education among the Indian Muslims and started a network of schools and colleges for that purpose.

  • Question 11/15
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    Arrange the following given acts which were formulated by the British government in order of their chronology (i.e. from earliest to latest)?

    1. Licensing Act

    2. Indian Press Act

    3. Vernacular Press Act

    4. Registration Act

    Select the correct code from given below:

    Solutions

    The following below acts were formulated by the British Government in order to curb press:

    * Censorship of Press Act in 1799

    * Licensing Regulations in 1823

    * Metcalfe Licensing Act in 1857 or Press Act of 1835

    * Registration Act in 1867

    * Vernacular Press Act in 1878

    * Newspaper (Incitement to Offences) Act in 1908

    * Indian Press Act in 1910

    James Augustus Hickey is regarded the father of Indian press. He started the Bengal Gazette in the year 1780. But it was seized in 1872 as it was critical of the British Government. With the increasing number of newspapers, the government became accountable. Thus, it brought into action several acts in order to suppress the press.

    Freedom of the press was of the utmost importance as it was a powerful tool to propagate political ideas. In 1824, Raja Ram Mohan Roy had protested against the resolution restricting the freedom of the press. The early phase of the nationalist movement, from around 1870 to 1918, focussed more on political propaganda and education, formation and propagation of nationalist ideology, training, mobilisation and consolidation of public opinion.

  • Question 12/15
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    Which among the given statements is not correct regarding the Kheda Satyagraha?
    Solutions

    In Kheda, on the request of the local peasant leaders, Gandhi decided to support the struggle of the peasants for revenue remission in the year 1918. The peasants were recurrently plagued by poverty, famines, untouchability, scant resource, alcoholism and British discrimination.

    The Kheda’s peasants signed a petition in the leadership of Sardar Patel and called for the tax to be scrapped.

    The revolt was organized by Gujarat Sabha & Gandhi was its spiritual leader. The Kheda peasants were joined by Ahmadabad & Vadodara Gujaratis, but it was kept a pure Gujarati struggle.

    In case the tax was not paid, the Government sent agents to seize the property.

    The farmers did not resist, but they simply donated their cash & invaluable to the Gujarat Sabha.

    It was a united protest, outstandingly disciplined.

    The result was that the Government reached an agreement for both the parties.

    Tax for the present year and next year was suspended, and all confiscated property was returned.

  • Question 13/15
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    Consider the following statements about Lord Lytton:

    1) Lord Lytton was appointed as the Viceroy of India by British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli.

    2) His assertive, “forward” policy towards Afghanistan led to the first Anglo-Afghan War.

    Select the correct statement (s) from the code given below:

    Solutions

    Lord Lytton was appointed as the Viceroy and Governor-General of India by British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli in 1876. He was Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880. He pursued an aggressive policy towards Afghanistan to stop Russia from gaining influence in the region, this led to the second Anglo-Afghan War. The First Anglo-Afghan Wat took place from 1839-42). Some of the important events during his tenure as Viceroy of India are:

    • First Delhi Durbar (1877)

    - Proclamation of Queen Victoria as Empress of India

    • The Great Famine of 1876-1878

    • Vernacular Press Act, 1878

    • The Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878-1880)

  • Question 14/15
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    Consider the following statements regarding the Poona Pact of 1932:

    1. Gandhiji was in favour of a separate electorate for the Depressed Classes.

    2. Instead of the 80 seats given by the British, the depressed classes got 137 seats.

    Select the right answer from the codes given below:

    Solutions

    * Dr Ambedkar was in favour of the idea of separate electorate for the Depressed Classes, and this was entrusted by him in the 1st Round Table Conference. Dr. Ambedkar was representing the Depressed Classes in the conference.

    * Mahatma Gandhi was against this idea, and when Prime Minister Macdonald decided to grant the communal awards to the minorities and to the Depressed Classes, he even undertook a fast whilst in the jail in Poona.

    * Due to public pressure to make an end the fast unto the death, Dr Ambedkar and MK Gandhi made the Poona Pact which laid down the reserved seats for the Depressed Classes in the provincial legislatures for which elections would be via the joint electorates.

    * The Electoral College would elect a panel of four candidates who belong to the Depressed Classes. All these candidates would be elected on the basis of a single vote. Four candidates getting the highest number of the votes would be elected.

    * Then all these four candidates would stand in the election for the Assembly along with that of the general candidates where the general electorate would able to vote. The members of the Depressed Classes, therefore, got a 'double vote' since they could vote under the general electorate also.

    * Even in the Central Legislature, the similar principle of the joint electorate and reserved seats was to be followed.

    * The British instead of 80 seats, the depressed classes got a total of 147 seats.

    * In the Central Legislature, a total of 19% of the seats would be reserved for the Depressed Classes.

    * This system would continue for a period of ten years unless a mutual agreement consents to terminate it in an earlier time.

    * No one would be discriminated against on the basis of caste on matters regarding the election to the local bodies or in public services appointments.

    * A certain total of money from the educational grant would be allotted for the education of the Depressed Classes in all provinces.

  • Question 15/15
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    Match the following Viceroys with their works:

    Code:

    Solutions

    Lord Mayo (1869-1872)

    * Financial distribution among the centre and state introduced for the first time

    * First Census in the year 1872

    * Mayo College for the royal elite was formed

    * Lord Mayo was the sole Governor-General who was killed in India. He was killed by Sher Ali in the Port Blair

    Lord Lytton (1876-1880)

    * Vernacular Press Act, 1878

    * Arms Act, 1878

    * Ignored the severe famine and organized the durbar. Proclaimed Queen Victoria "The Empress of India"

    * Abolished tax on cotton for the British traders

    * Maximum age for giving civil services exam lowered from 21 to 19

    Lord Ripon (1880-1884)

    * Repealed the controversial Vernacular press and Arms act

    * Organized Local self-government i.e., Panchayats and Municipal Boards due to which he was known as Father of Self-government

    * Two new universities opened, i.e. Punjab University 1884 and Allahabad University 1887

    * Illbert Bill – Indian judge, can't try English Judge

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