The idiom ‘foot the bill’ means to pay for something.
e.g. The couple was left to foot the bill after their claim was declined by their travel insurers.

Option C has the incorrect sentence. Some verbs (like ‘finish’) are normally followed by the -ing form, not the to-infinitive. Thus, replace the “to-infinitive” (to eat) with “-ing” (eating) to form a grammatically sound sentence.

Polyandry = having more than one husband at a time.

Polygamy = the practice or custom of having more than one wife or husband at the same time.

Matrimony = the ceremony or sacrament of marriage.

Celibacy = an unmarried status.

Option B has the sentence that has incorrect form of words. The use of the pronoun ‘their’ is erroneous and it should be replaced with ‘there’. “Their” is the possessive pronoun, as in "theirhouse is red". “There” can be used as an adjective, an adverb or a pronoun. Here, it is an ‘adverb’ to mention a place. Thus, replace ‘their’ with ‘there’ to make the sentence grammatically sound.

Option A: is incorrect because after the preposition ‘for’ we use the objective case; thus use “me” in place of “I”.

Option B: is incorrect because the adverb ‘hardly’ has been incorrectly placed. It should be placed before ‘anyone’.

Option C: is grammatically correct.
NOTE- The word ‘statistics’ is a plural noun here (as it doesn’t represent a subject but “some information”).

Option D: is incorrect because the adjective ‘beautiful’ will be modified by an adverb ‘exceptionally’.

Ochlocracy = government by the populace; mob rule.

Theocracy = government by divine guidance or by officials who are regarded as divinely guided.

Monarchy = government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state.

Democracy = government in which the people have the authority to choose their head.

Aristocracy =  a government ruled by or consisting of people of a high social class.

The word 'aristocracy' is not related to 'old men'. Hence, option D is the correct answer.

Option A: Both the words 'penury' and 'poverty' are synonyms and they mean the state of being extremely poor.

Option B: The word 'holistic' means the whole of something or the total system instead of just its parts. The word 'dissimilar' means different. These words don't have any connection between them (they are neither synonyms nor antonyms). 

Option C: The word 'pedigree' means a list of the parents and other relations of an animal. The word 'forbidden' means something which is not allowed. These words don't have any connection between them (they are neither synonyms nor antonyms). 

Option D: The word 'congenial' means friendly and pleasant. The word 'aloof' means distant. Again these words don't have any connection between them (they are neither synonyms nor antonyms). 

Hence, we can conclude that option A is the only correct pair here.

Option A: The word 'superficial' means only on the surface of something. The word 'shallow' means not showing serious or careful thought or real understanding. They both are synonyms of each other. 

Option B: Both 'servile' and 'slavish' are synonyms of each other and mean obeying something completely and having no original thoughts or ideas. 

Option C: The word 'horrendous' means extremely unpleasant or bad. The word 'amateur' means a person who takes part in an activity for pleasure, not as a job. Both these words are not related to each other in any way. 

Option D: Both 'aromatic' and 'fragrant' are synonyms of each other and mean with a pleasant smell.

Option A is incorrect as "to" cannot be followed by "s" or "es" in a verb.

Option B is incorrect as we cannot use "give up" to mean "releasing someone's hand".

Option D is also incorrect as we cannot use V2 (left) after "to". We use the base form of the verb in the infinitive construction. 

The phrase "turn up" means to show up; to appear suddenly or unexpectedly.
e.g. Guess who turned up at my door last night?