The Vice-President of India, the second-highest constitutional office in India after the President, is also ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha. Article 66 of the Indian Constituion states the manner of election of the Vice-President.

According to our constitution, India is a Secular State. With the 42 amendment in preamble three new words (sovereign, socialist secular democratic republic) were added to preamble and one of them is secular. 42 amendments is very controversial amendment and also very important, many amendments were implies under this amendment. It is also called ‘Mini Constitution’.

The budget of panchayat committees is tested and approved by Zilla Parishads. Apart from that Zilla Parishad coordinate the plans prepared by panchayat committees.

Estimate committee of the Parliament is the largest committee. The committee comprises of 30 members, which is chosen based on proportional representation by means of single transferable vote. Chairman of the committee is appointed by the speaker. The committee work is to examine the estimates in the budget and suggest economies in public expenditure.

Article 61 denotes the procedure for impeachment of the President. When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.

Adam Smith was an 18th century Scottish philosopher renowned as the father of modern economics. He is the author of famous book “The Wealth of Nations”.

India plans to enable trades among its otherwise localised farm markets to enhance transparency in the sale and purchase of agricultural output, leveraging the electronic-National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) platform that now hosts 585 large agri-mandis.

The Economy is a closed economy where foreign trade does not exist; there are no exports and imports & external inflows and outflows. 

Aggregate demand in 3 sector model of closed economy consists of 3 components namely, Household consumption(C), desired business investment demand(I) and the

government sector's demand for goods & services(G). Thus, in equilibrium we have: 

Equilibrium Income (Y) = C + I + G

• A price floor is a minimum legal price at which a quantity can be sold .
• This is used by the government to prevent prices from being too low. The most common price floor is the minimum wage, labour gets.

• The gender-wise segregation reveals that 82.1 per cent of the male population is literate whereas a lower 65.5 per cent female literacy rate has been recorded.

• Effective literacy rate increased to a total of 74.04%.