Jean Piaget proposed that children go through different stages of cognitive development, and during the preoperational stage (which typically occurs between the ages of 2 and 7), children develop the ability to use symbols to represent objects and events. This is known as symbolic representation.

Symbolic representation involves the use of one object or action to represent another, such as using a toy car to represent a real car or pretending that a stick is a magic wand. It is an important milestone in cognitive development as it allows children to engage in pretend play, use language symbolically, and engage in imaginative thinking.

A child continues to develop during the course of their life. However, it is crucial to pay close attention to how the child develops from infancy through puberty. From infancy to puberty, children acquire a variety of abilities, including those related to social contact, performing daily tasks like drinking water and dressing oneself, among others.

Because a child learns the foundational rules of life during this time, the period from infancy to adolescence is also known as the sensitive phase of development.

 The correct answer is A. Every form of life had a certain pattern of growth. A child also grows up in an organized manner that is practically universal among children. There are two guiding concepts for a child's physical development-

(a) Proximodistal principle

(b) Cephalo-caudal Principle.

* When a child develops physically and starts exploring their environment, they learn from their experiences and build confidence in expressing feelings and coping with different tasks.

* Family is an important influence on a child's social-emotional development.

* Neighbourhood, community and society also develop an individual emotionally.

Adolescence is the age that falls under 13-18 years. This age plays a crucial role in the development of a child. The peer pressure is at the max of this age. Peer pressure can be healthy as well as risky. A child struggles to create his identity in his group and tries his best to prove himself and to show how he is different and better from others. Parents and teachers need to be alert and supportive as children need their parents or teacher more than ever.

Adulthood is not the characteristic of development. It is a stage of development. Development is a continuous process that starts right from conception and continues until death. It is both quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative development is the knowledge that child gains through observation or by learning. Where, Qualitative changes refer to the change in behavior, or how a child thinks and reacts.

Infancy is the first stage of development and deals with children from (0-2 babies). At this stage, children learn new things, emotions from their elders and this stage witness the fluctuation of various emotions like- sad, happy, gloomy glee etc.

According to Cognitive developmental theory, children actively construct knowledge as they manipulate and explore their world. Piaget did not believe that learning depends on reinforcers, such as reward from adults.